concentrations  (R&D Systems)

Journal: International Journal of Molecular Medicine

Article Title: IL-37/IL-1R8 blocks keratinocyte acantholysis via suppressing ADAM17/EGFR

doi: 10.3892/ijmm.2026.5793

Figure Lengend Snippet: IL-37 protects HaCaT cells from Dsg3-induced keratinocyte dissociation and apoptosis. (A) The effect of different dilutions of Dsg-3 antibodies on cell dissociation was analyzed by immunofluorescence. (B) HaCaT cells were treated with different concentration of IL-37 recombinant protein (0, 25, 50, 100, and 200 ng/ml). Cell viability was detected by CCK-8 assay. (C) HaCaT cells were treated with the Dsg-3 antibodies, followed by administration of the IL-37 recombinant protein. The concentration of IL-37 was analyzed using an ELISA assay. (D) The relative mRNA expression of IL-37 was detected using RT-qPCR. The (E) concentration and (F) relative mRNA expression of IL-10 were measured using an IL-10 ELISA kit and RT-qPCR, respectively. The (G) oncentration and (H) relative mRNA expression of IL-6 were measured by the IL-6 ELISA kit and RT-qPCR, respectively. The (I) concentration and (J) relative mRNA expression of IL-17 were measured by the IL-17 ELISA kit and RT-qPCR, respectively. & P<0.05; * P<0.05 vs. Control group; # P<0.05 vs. anti-Dsg3 group. Data are presented as mean ± SD, n=3 biological independent replicates. One-way ANOVA with Bonferroni's post-hoc test was used for multiple group comparisons. IL, interleukin; Dsg3, desmoglein-3; ELISA, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; RT-qPCR, reverse transcription-quantitative PCR.

Article Snippet: Subsequently, the cells were treated with IL-37 recombinant protein (isoform b; 100 ng/ml; cat. no. 10155-HNAE; Sino Biological, Inc.) for 24 h at 37°C.

Techniques: Immunofluorescence, Concentration Assay, Recombinant, CCK-8 Assay, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Expressing, Quantitative RT-PCR, Control, Reverse Transcription, Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction

Journal: International Journal of Molecular Medicine

Article Title: IL-37/IL-1R8 blocks keratinocyte acantholysis via suppressing ADAM17/EGFR

doi: 10.3892/ijmm.2026.5793

Figure Lengend Snippet: IL-37/IL-1R8 protects HaCaT cells from keratinocyte dissociation and apoptosis through the ADAM17/EGFR pathway. (A) The interaction between IL-37 and IL-1R8 was analyzed using co-immunoprecipitation. (B) HaCaT cells were transfected with IL-1R8 siRNA and the transfection efficiency were detected by western blotting. (C) HaCaT cells were transfected with IL-18Rα siRNA and the transfection efficiency were detected by western blotting. (D) IL-1R8 siRNA or IL-18Rα transfected HaCaT were treated with anti-Dsg-3 and IL-37 recombinant protein. The number of fragments was analyzed by cell dissociation assay. (E and F) Cell apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry. (G) Protein expression levels of Bcl-2 and Bax were determined by western blotting. & P<0.05 vs. si-NC; * P<0.05 vs. anti-Dsg3 + IL-37 + si-NC group. Data are presented as mean ± SD, n=3 biological independent replicates. One-way ANOVA with Bonferroni's post-hoc test was used for multiple group comparisons. IL, interleukin; ADAM17, TNF-alpha-converting enzyme; EGFR, epidermal growth factor receptor; si, short interfering.

Article Snippet: Subsequently, the cells were treated with IL-37 recombinant protein (isoform b; 100 ng/ml; cat. no. 10155-HNAE; Sino Biological, Inc.) for 24 h at 37°C.

Techniques: Immunoprecipitation, Transfection, Western Blot, Recombinant, Flow Cytometry, Expressing

Journal: Oncology Reports

Article Title: Knockdown of CCT2 inhibits the malignant progression of hepatocellular carcinoma cells by impairing STAT3 activation

doi: 10.3892/or.2026.9086

Figure Lengend Snippet: IL-6 abolishes the effects of CCT2 knockdown on the proliferation and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma cells. The protein levels of STAT3 and p-STAT3 in (A) Huh-7 and (B) HCCLM3 cells were measured by western blotting. The proliferation of (C) Huh-7 and (D) HCCLM3 cells following CCT2 knockdown and IL-6 treatment was detected using EdU incorporation assay. The invasion of (E) Huh-7 and (F) HCCLM3 cells was assessed using Transwell assay. *P<0.05, **P<0.01 vs. PBS. CCT2, chaperonin containing TCP1 subunit 2; sh, short hairpin; p-, phosphorylated.

Article Snippet: Recombinant human IL-6 (cat. no. HY-P7044; MedChemExpress) as used for STAT3 activation.

Techniques: Knockdown, Western Blot, Transwell Assay

Journal: Acta Otorhinolaryngologica Italica

Article Title: Dose-dependent IL-29 activation of TLR4 signalling drives eosinophil infiltration in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps

doi: 10.14639/0392-100X-A1222

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effect of IL-29 on eosinophil inflammatory cytokine secretion. (A) ELISA analysis of IL-5 secretion in eosinophil supernatants; (B) ELISA analysis of IL-13 secretion in eosinophil supernatants. Eosinophils were stimulated with different concentrations of IL-29 (10, 25, 50, 100 ng/mL) for 24 hours. Data were obtained from 3 independent experiments and are presented as mean ± SD. * indicates p < 0.05.

Article Snippet: A total of 1×10 5 eosinophils were seeded in the upper chamber, while the lower chamber was filled with RPMI-1640 medium containing 10 ng/mL IL-5 (R&D Systems, 205-IL-010) as a chemoattractant.

Techniques: Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

Journal: Acta Otorhinolaryngologica Italica

Article Title: Dose-dependent IL-29 activation of TLR4 signalling drives eosinophil infiltration in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps

doi: 10.14639/0392-100X-A1222

Figure Lengend Snippet: The interventional effect of TAK-242 Blocking TLR4 on IL-29 action. (A) Transwell assay showing changes in eosinophil migration after TLR4 blockade with TAK-242; (B) ELISA of IL-5 secretion after TAK-242 intervention; (C) ELISA of IL-13 secretion after TAK-242 intervention; (D) Western blot analysis of TLR4, p-NF-κB, and p-MAPK protein expression after TAK-242 treatment. Data are presented as mean ± SD. * indicates p < 0.05.

Article Snippet: A total of 1×10 5 eosinophils were seeded in the upper chamber, while the lower chamber was filled with RPMI-1640 medium containing 10 ng/mL IL-5 (R&D Systems, 205-IL-010) as a chemoattractant.

Techniques: Blocking Assay, Transwell Assay, Migration, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Western Blot, Expressing

Journal: mAbs

Article Title: Targeting IL-7Rα with PNU-159682 antibody–drug conjugates in acute lymphoblastic leukemia: translational implications

doi: 10.1080/19420862.2026.2663639

Figure Lengend Snippet: Generation and characterization of IL-7Rα-targeting antibodies. (a) Schematic workflow of IL-7Rα-specific monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) generation: immunization of IL-7Rα-knockout mice with recombinant human IL-7Rα extracellular domain, hybridoma fusion, and screening/expansion, followed by conversion to human–mouse chimeric IgG. (b) Flow cytometry histograms showing the binding capabilities of in-house clones 577, 2D5, 165, and 24 to IL-7Rα-positive cells compared with a commercial anti-IL-7Rα mAb; secondary-only and unstained controls are included. (c) Competitive binding (epitope binning) assessment between different in-house antibody pairs using flow cytometry. Cells were pre-blocked with an unlabeled antibody and stained with a fluorophore-labelled competitor. The binding ratios were normalized to the non-pre-blocked condition. (d) Surface plasmon resonance analysis of antibody binding to recombinant IL-7Rα.

Article Snippet: His-tagged recombinant human IL-7Rα ectodomain (R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN, USA, Cat. No. 10758-IR) was captured on the active flow cell to approximately 50 response units (RU).

Techniques: Bioprocessing, Knock-Out, Recombinant, Flow Cytometry, Binding Assay, Clone Assay, Staining, SPR Assay

Journal: mAbs

Article Title: Targeting IL-7Rα with PNU-159682 antibody–drug conjugates in acute lymphoblastic leukemia: translational implications

doi: 10.1080/19420862.2026.2663639

Figure Lengend Snippet: Generation and cytotoxicity assessment of IL-7Rα-targeting ADCs. (a) Internalization kinetics of four IL-7Rα-targeting monoclonal antibodies in IL-7Rα-positive REH cells. Surface-bound antibody levels of the four antibodies at 0, 15, 60, and 240 minutes were determined by flow cytometry and normalized to the signal at minute 0. (b) Schematic representation of the conjugation process for generating IL-7Rα-targeting ADCs. Antibodies were partially reduced with 20 mM 2-mercaptoethylamine (2-MEA) for 0.5 hours at 37°C, followed by conjugation with 10 mM mc–vc–PAB–MMAE for 16 hours at 4°C, yielding an average drug-to-antibody ratio of 3–4. (c) Quantification of IL-7Rα expression (molecules per cell) in three different leukemia cell lines, CCRF-CEM (low), NALM6 (medium), and REH (high), using flow cytometry. (d) Cytotoxicity of free MMAE, isotype control IgG–MMAE, and four IL-7Rα-targeting ADCs in CCRF-CEM, NALM6, and REH cells. Cell viability was assessed using the WST-8 assay 72 hours after each treatment. Data are presented as mean ± SEM; n = 6 technical replicates from a single experiment.

Article Snippet: His-tagged recombinant human IL-7Rα ectodomain (R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN, USA, Cat. No. 10758-IR) was captured on the active flow cell to approximately 50 response units (RU).

Techniques: Bioprocessing, Flow Cytometry, Conjugation Assay, Expressing, Control

Journal: mAbs

Article Title: Targeting IL-7Rα with PNU-159682 antibody–drug conjugates in acute lymphoblastic leukemia: translational implications

doi: 10.1080/19420862.2026.2663639

Figure Lengend Snippet: In vivo efficacy and biodistribution of IL-7Rα-targeting agents. (a) Schematic representation of the subcutaneous tumor model and treatment schedule with four IL-7Rα-targeting ADCs. (b) Tumor volumes over time for each treatment group. (c) Relative body weight changes during treatment. PBS, phosphate-buffered saline. Lines show mean ± SEM, n = 6–9 per group. (d) Serial in vivo fluorescence imaging of fluorophore-labelled parent anti-IL-7Rα mAbs and an isotype antibody control in a separate tracer-dose cohort (representative animals). (e) Quantification of tumor region-of-interest (ROI) fluorescence; each animal was normalized to its own 5-min post-injection value. NC, negative control. Data are presented as mean ± SEM; n = 3–5 per group. (f) Relative performance of the four anti-IL-7Rα mAbs (577, 2D5, 165, and 24) was compared across five parameters. Binding activity, SPR-derived apparent binding affinity, internalization, and pIC 50 (-log10 IC 50 [M]) and in vivo efficacy were evaluated using the respective ADCs. Ratings were assigned based on the experimental data shown in , using a semi-quantitative scale from “+” (lowest) to “++++” (highest). The scale reflects the relative ranking within each parameter and does not represent absolute quantitative values.

Article Snippet: His-tagged recombinant human IL-7Rα ectodomain (R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN, USA, Cat. No. 10758-IR) was captured on the active flow cell to approximately 50 response units (RU).

Techniques: In Vivo, Saline, Fluorescence, Imaging, Control, Injection, Negative Control, Binding Assay, Activity Assay, Derivative Assay

Journal: mAbs

Article Title: Targeting IL-7Rα with PNU-159682 antibody–drug conjugates in acute lymphoblastic leukemia: translational implications

doi: 10.1080/19420862.2026.2663639

Figure Lengend Snippet: Enhanced anti-tumor activity of IL-7Rα-targeting ADCs with novel payload PNU-159682. (a) Schematic representation of the conjugation process for generating PNU-159682-linked ADCs. Antibodies were partially reduced with 20 mM 2-mercaptoethylamine (2-MEA) for 0.5 hours at 37 °C, followed by conjugation with 10 mM Mal–PEG4–VC–PAB–DMEA–PNU-159682 for 16 hours at 4 °C, yielding a drug-to-antibody ratio of 3–4. (b) In vitro cytotoxicity of 577-PNU, 577-MMAE, isotype control IgG–PNU, and free PNU-159682 in NALM6 cells. Cell viability was measured using the WST-8 assay 72 hours after treatment. Data are shown as mean ± SEM. (c) Comparison of IC 50 values between 577-MMAE and 577-PNU in NALM6 cells, calculated from nine independent experiments performed on separate days; IC 50 values analyzed after log10 transformation; paired t-test (two-tailed), p < 0.0001; geometric mean ratio (MMAE/PNU) = 85.3 (95% CI 57.7–126.0). (d) In vivo anti-tumor efficacy of each treatment in NALM6 xenografts (subcutaneous model). Mice were treated with a single dose of 577-MMAE (10 mg/kg; n = 4), 577-PNU (0.5 mg/kg; n = 5), isotype control IgG–PNU (0.5 mg/kg; n = 4), free PNU-159682 (17 µg/kg, the dose of PNU equal to 0.5 mg/kg 577-PNU; n = 3), or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) vehicle ( n = 5). Tumor volumes were measured twice weekly. (e) Complete response (CR) rate on day 28 following treatment with 577-MMAE (10 mg/kg; n = 4) or 577-PNU (0.5 mg/kg; n = 5). Two-sided Fisher’s exact test comparing groups: p = 0.0476. (f) Relative body weight change (%) during treatment. Data are presented as mean ± SEM; n = 3–5 per group. * p < 0.05; **** p < 0.0001.

Article Snippet: His-tagged recombinant human IL-7Rα ectodomain (R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN, USA, Cat. No. 10758-IR) was captured on the active flow cell to approximately 50 response units (RU).

Techniques: Activity Assay, Conjugation Assay, In Vitro, Control, Comparison, Transformation Assay, Two Tailed Test, In Vivo, Saline